There are several instructional activities that I would use to help students move from where they are to where I would like them to be. I would use manipulatives whenever possible so the students can physically see how many of something each different number represents. I could give each student ten flat marbles, and ask them to place two marbles on the right side of their desk. Then I could say, "Add 2 more marbles." Then ask, "How many do you have on the right side now?" I would continue this activity with larger numbers and incorporate subtraction as well. This will be an engaging way for the students to practice simple addition, subtraction, and number relations.
Another activity that I think students would enjoy, which would also help with addition and subtraction, would be having them come up with about five to ten addition and subtraction problems on their own, using numbers 1-20, which they will trade with a classmate. Then, after they trade and complete the problems, they will trade back and check their classmates work. This will allow them to be interactive.
Other activities might include incorporating everyday objects into addition and subtraction. Using numbers from student's personal lives, such as how many siblings they have, and letting them compare will make them more interested than if they were just working with numbers without any personal significance.
As time progresses, I will observe how students understanding of numbers changes. I can do this by using the same activities but making them more challenging.
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